1. :I think you are confusing the photovoltaic effect with the photoelectric effect. 2. Photovoltaic cells convert light into an electric current using the photovoltaic effect . 3. Solar cells are devices that convert sunlight into electricity by the photovoltaic effect . 4. This is specifically called the bulk photovoltaic effect , and occurs because of non-centrosymmetry. 5. Adams and Day observed the photovoltaic effect in selenium in 1876. 6. The photovoltaic effect is closely related to the photoelectric effect. 7. Photovoltaic effect can be achieved in ideal single wall carbon nanotube ( SWNT ) diodes.8. Whether direct excitation or thermal effects dominate the photovoltaic effect will depend on many material parameters. 9. The addition of junction-forming layers, however, induces a built-in electric field that produces the photovoltaic effect . 10. Because of this work, the photovoltaic effect has also been known as the " Becquerel effect ".